Path to Canadian citizenship After permanent residence, citizenship is the final step. IRCC controls grant rules under the Citizenship Act — physical presence, language proficiency, knowledge of Canada, and tax filings. Use these tools to plan your application. Related pages Physical Presence Counter — Count your days in Canada toward the 1,095-day requirement, with pre-PR credit at 50% up to 365 days. Citizenship Timeline — Estimate your earliest application date and the full PR-to-oath timeline. Citizenship by Descent — Check eligibility under Bill C-3 — first generation abroad, second generation, and the substantial connection test. Official sources IRCC — Become a Canadian citizen Citizenship Act (Justice Canada) Bill C-3 — Citizenship by descent